The aim of the article is to present the role of non-governmental organizations
conducting search and rescue operations in the Mediterranean Sea in the hybrid model
of migration management and to demonstrate that the functioning of this model is
associated with fundamental difficulties. This hypothesis is tested by analyzing the
activities of associations conducting operations at sea, with particular emphasis on two
organizations (Sea Watch and Jugend Rettet) and the activities of the Italian government,
which is attempting to play a superior role over private associations. The article indicates
difficulties in harmonious cooperation between the state and private organizations. The
conclusions indicate that these difficulties result from the politicization of migration by
some organizations and the reluctance to attempt to include a private search and rescue
system in a system operating under state control. The article contributes to research on
the cooperation of the state and non-state actors in migration management and points
to the difficulties associated with regulating and standardizing the activities performed
by private organizations.
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Article has been screened for originality
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