The purpose of this paper was to analyze selected aspects of the myths of the past in the republics of Central Asia. They constructed the model which understood the nation as an ethnic community. They formed a narrative about the origins of the nation, the state and the period of “golden age.” These myths not only claimed the inevitability of the USSR collapse and emergence of independent states in the region, but played an important role in the justification of authoritarian rule. Mythical assumptions pertaining to culture, customs and national values were designed to foster simultaneously the creation of appropriate administrative and legal order.